The Greater Horn of Africa (GHA) is expected to experience enhanced rainfall and warmer conditions during the week of 7th to 14th October 2025, according to the latest regional forecast. While some areas may benefit from increased moisture supporting agriculture and water resources, others face an elevated risk of flooding and heat stress.

Total Rainfall Distribution

• Heavy rainfall (above 200mm) is expected over a few parts of southern Ethiopia, likely improving water availability but also increasing flood risk in low-lying and riverine areas.
• Moderate rainfall (50–200mm) is forecast for northern and southern Somalia, central to southern Ethiopia, western and central Uganda, Rwanda, northern Burundi, western South Sudan, and south-western Sudan. This will enhance agricultural prospects and pasture regeneration in parts of the region.
• Light rainfall (less than 50mm) is anticipated in eastern and northern Tanzania, southern and eastern Kenya, southern Burundi, central Somalia, Eritrea, and south-eastern regions of both Sudan and South Sudan, maintaining relatively dry conditions in these zones.

Note: 1 mm of rainfall equals 1 litre of water per square metre.

Rainfall Anomalies

• Above-average rainfall is expected over northern Somalia, central to southern Ethiopia, north-western South Sudan, south-western Sudan, and most of Rwanda and Burundi.
• Below-average rainfall is likely in central Somalia, southern Uganda, western Kenya, and parts of South Sudan, where prolonged dryness may affect ongoing planting and water supplies.

Exceptional Rainfall and Flood Risk

Rainfall exceeding the 95th percentile (the highest 5% on record) is forecast over south-eastern Ethiopia and northern Somalia. Consequently, there is a high likelihood of flooding in south-eastern and pockets of central-western Ethiopia, particularly in flood-prone river basins and areas with poor drainage. Local authorities are urged to activate early warning systems and sensitize communities to potential flood hazards.

Flood Risk Advisory

There is a high likelihood of flooding in south-eastern and pockets of central-western Ethiopia, where persistent heavy rainfall is expected. Authorities are urged to maintain vigilance and strengthen early warning systems to mitigate the impacts on communities, infrastructure, and livelihoods.

Temperature Forecast: 07 – 14 October 2025

The same period will see warmer than average conditions across most of the Greater Horn of Africa, with significant variations by region.

Temperature Distribution

• High temperatures (>32°C) are expected in the Afar region of Ethiopia, where extreme heat could affect outdoor activities, water availability, and livestock.
• Moderate to high temperatures (20–32°C) are likely over most parts of Sudan, South Sudan, Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya, Somalia, Djibouti, Eritrea, and eastern Ethiopia. These conditions are typical for this period but remain warmer than the long-term seasonal average.
• Mild temperatures (below 20°C) are forecast in central Ethiopia, central to south-western Kenya, northern and central Tanzania, and western Rwanda and Burundi, offering some relief from regional heat trends.

Temperature Anomalies

• Warmer than usual temperatures are expected across most parts of the GHA, consistent with broader regional warming trends observed in recent years.
• Cooler than average conditions may occur in northern Sudan and parts of the Great Rift Valley, where cloud cover and rainfall could moderate daytime heating.

Heat Stress Outlook

The forecast indicates elevated heat stress levels in parts of the Red Sea coast and the Afar region of Ethiopia. Residents are advised to stay hydrated, limit exposure during peak hours, and take necessary precautions to avoid heat-related illnesses.

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As the world prepares for the 30th UN Climate Change Conference (COP30) set to take place in Belém, Brazil, this November, Africa is stepping forward with a unified and transformative message: the continent of 54 nations aims to become the continent of climate solutions.

At a time when the global climate discourse remains polarized, Africa’s leaders are charting a new course one rooted in justice, adaptation, and sustainability. Their collective vision seeks not only to address the disproportionate effects of climate change on the continent but also to position Africa as a central player in shaping the world’s green future.

Africa contributes a mere 3% of global greenhouse gas emissions and accounts for just 6% of global energy use, yet it bears some of the most severe impacts of climate change. Floods, droughts, and erratic weather patterns continue to threaten food security, infrastructure, and livelihoods across the continent. Recognizing this imbalance, African nations have outlined a bold agenda emphasizing climate adaptation, climate justice, and energy access as the cornerstones of their unified platform.

At the recently held African Climate Summit (ACS) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed called for “bold, united, and sustained collaboration to avert climate catastrophe,” setting an ambitious goal to generate 1,000 African climate solutions by 2030. Ethiopia also announced a target to mobilize $50 billion annually for climate initiatives, even as questions remain about financing sources.

The summit doubled as a symbolic milestone, coinciding with the inauguration of Africa’s largest hydroelectric project the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam and Ethiopia’s official bid to host COP32 in 2027, competing with Nigeria and other contenders.

A cornerstone of Africa’s climate strategy is the Green Minerals Strategy, adopted earlier this year. It seeks to leverage the continent’s vast reserves of critical minerals such as cobalt in the Democratic Republic of the Congo essential for the global green transition. This move underscores Africa’s intent to transform its natural wealth into an engine for sustainable industrialization.

“You can think of these as homegrown solutions to a climate problem that was largely caused by the rest of the world,” one African diplomat observed. This strategy aligns with Africa’s broader ambition to transition from being a passive recipient of climate aid to an active architect of climate solutions.

The summit’s final declaration also endorsed the use of carbon markets to finance green growth. However, this remains contentious. Deals like Zimbabwe’s agreement to allocate nearly 20% of its land to a UAE-based carbon trading firm have raised concerns about sovereignty and equitable benefit sharing. Still, the push signals Africa’s determination to find innovative mechanisms to fund its climate ambitions.

The Challenge of Inclusion: Visa Denials and Rising Costs

Visa Denials and Rising Costs Threaten Inclusion

Ironically, even as Africa prepares to speak with one voice, logistical barriers threaten to silence many of its representatives. Reports from Nigeria reveal that the Brazilian government has been denying COP30 visa applications at an alarming rate over the past two weeks. Even delegates with official UNFCCC badges have faced rejections, sparking outcry and calls for diplomatic intervention.

At the same time, the soaring cost of accommodation in Belém where hotel prices have skyrocketed ahead of the summit has made attendance prohibitively expensive for many participants from developing countries. “The profit motive remains alive and well in the midst of the Amazon jungle,” one observer noted wryly, “despite the best efforts of Brazil’s socialist government to suppress it.”

Perhaps it is these visible contradictions the commercialization of climate diplomacy and the exclusion of those most affected that led U.S. President Donald Trump to dismiss climate change concerns as “the biggest con job in history.” While his remarks trivialize the crisis, they inadvertently expose a persistent credibility gap in the global climate agenda.

These developments raise urgent questions about equity and accessibility in global climate negotiations. If the nations most affected by climate change cannot even gain entry to the room, how can the resulting agreements claim legitimacy? This ideological split could dominate debates at COP30, further testing the resilience of global cooperation under the UNFCCC framework. The conference must, therefore, not only invest in systems and technologies but also in people, communities, and institutions that sustain long-term climate resilience.

For Africa, COP30 is more than a conference it is a crossroads. The continent’s leaders are determined that this year’s negotiations will mark a shift from participation to power, from marginalization to leadership. “Africa has shown that it’s moving from the margins of global climate decision-making to the center,” one expert summarized. “The world should take note.”

As the countdown to Belém begins, the message from Africa is clear:
This time, the continent of climate solutions is not waiting to be invited to the table ; it is setting it.

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When the Cabinet Secretary for Environment, Climate Change & Forestry, Dr. Deborah Barasa, took the stage to outline Kenya’s path in combating plastic pollution, she was not merely speaking of waste management. She was articulating a bold vision aligned with Agenda 2063 – Africa’s blueprint for inclusive and sustainable development.

Plastic pollution has emerged as one of the greatest threats to Africa’s ecological future. Globally, over 430 million tonnes of plastics are produced annually, with devastating consequences for biodiversity, health, and economies. In Kenya, single-use plastics choke waterways, block urban drainage systems, degrade soils, and threaten wildlife in iconic ecosystems such as the Mara and Amboseli. Dr. Barasa emphasized that this is not just an environmental concern it is an existential issue that directly touches on Africa’s socio-economic aspirations. Left unchecked, plastic pollution undermines food security, public health, and sustainable growth, eroding the very foundations upon which Agenda 2063’s aspirations for “A prosperous Africa based on inclusive growth and sustainable development” rest.

In her address, Dr. Barasa laid out a roadmap that positions Kenya as a continental leader in environmental stewardship:

Legislative reform: Strengthening laws to regulate plastic production, use, and disposal, with an emphasis on enforcement at all levels.

Circular economy: Driving innovation in recycling, reuse, and green entrepreneurship to reduce reliance on virgin plastics.

Hosting a global hub: Kenya has proposed Nairobi as host for the secretariat of a future global treaty on plastic pollution, highlighting the country’s ambition to anchor international environmental diplomacy.

Grassroots engagement: Citizens, civil society, and businesses are called upon to adopt sustainable consumption patterns and support waste management initiatives.

Regional and global cooperation: Kenya reaffirms its commitment to multilateralism, working through UNEP and the ongoing negotiations on a global plastics treaty.

Linking to Agenda 2063

This bold journey mirrors several pillars of Agenda 2063, including:

Aspiration 1: A prosperous Africa based on inclusive growth and sustainable development through green industries and a circular economy that creates jobs while reducing waste.

Aspiration 6: An Africa whose development is people-driven – evident in Kenya’s focus on grassroots action, empowering citizens to be custodians of their environment.

Aspiration 7: Africa as a strong, united, and influential global player Kenya’s bid to host the plastics treaty secretariat in Nairobi is a clear step towards elevating Africa’s leadership in shaping global governance frameworks.

Dr. Barasa’s message is clear: environmental protection is not a peripheral issue but central to Africa’s long-term vision. Tackling plastic pollution is both a responsibility and an opportunity to accelerate the continent’s transformation under Agenda 2063. Yet, challenges remain. From limited recycling infrastructure to consumer dependence on cheap single-use plastics, the road ahead requires resilience and innovation. Financing mechanisms, public-private partnerships, and regional harmonization of policies will be critical.

Still, Kenya’s determination sends a strong signal. If sustained, these efforts could redefine Africa’s global image not as a victim of plastic waste exported from elsewhere, but as a continent of hope, charting bold solutions for itself and the world. Dr. Barasa’s call resonates beyond Kenya. It is a continental summons to action: for policymakers to legislate boldly, for entrepreneurs to innovate sustainably, and for citizens to live responsibly. By confronting plastic pollution, Africa not only protects its natural heritage but also advances its collective destiny as envisioned in Agenda 2063.

As the world watches, Kenya’s journey may well become a template for the continent—proof that Africa, through unity of purpose and visionary leadership, can turn today’s environmental crises into tomorrow’s pathways of hope.

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Kenya –The Weather and Climate Information Services for Africa (WISER) Kenya Project has been officially extended for another three years, bringing renewed hope for climate-resilient communities in Kenya. The project, which has been a game-changer in enhancing access to actionable climate information, will place inclusion of marginalized groups including women, youth, persons with disabilities (PWDs), and elders at the centre of its activities. WISER project is an initiative supported by the UK Government that seeks to help communities of Tana River and Garissa build resilience during drought and floods. This training equips stakeholders with the skills to access and use Maprooms so that climate information translates into real action on the ground

The extension was announced during the series of training workshops themed “Using Maprooms for Improved Decision Making via Stakeholder Engagement” held on 2nd-5th  September 2025 in Tana River and 16th–18th September 2025 . The events brought together a wide spectrum of participants, from local leaders to community-based organizations, underscoring the project’s commitment to inclusive climate governance. Maprooms, developed under the WISER Kenya Project, are innovative, web-based platforms that integrate real-time climate data, historical trends, and predictive models. They enable policymakers, farmers, humanitarian actors, and community leaders to anticipate climate risks, prepare for disasters, and optimize agricultural and water resource planning. For counties like Garissa and Tana River in Kenya, prone to both droughts and floods, such tools are invaluable. By enhancing decision-making, Maprooms contribute directly to Agenda 2063 Goals 1 and 7, focusing on inclusive growth and environmentally sustainable, climate-resilient communities.

The decision to begin the extension phase in both Garissa County and Tana River County was deliberate and strategic. These regions have endured some of Kenya’s most severe floods and droughts in recent years, leading to loss of lives, displacement, and economic setbacks. Yet, they are also home to vibrant communities eager to embrace innovative climate tools that can change the narrative. These events align with the broader Agenda 2063 aspirations for a climate-resilient and food-secure Africa, making these regions a critical area for climate adaptation efforts. The training was highly interactive, blending presentations from the Kenya Met Services, and practical sessions where participants navigated Maprooms for real-time decision-making. For PWDs they often experience accessibility challenges in climate information and the workshop leads emphasized the importance of inclusive communication. Women and youth inclusion is critical thus form the foundation of the society and they lead in climate-smart agriculture and early warning systems could transform food security and livelihoods in Garissa County. Elders brought in traditional knowledge, bridging the gap between indigenous practices and modern climate science.

Opening the workshop, Dr. Philip Omondi, WISER Kenya Project Lead from ICPAC, emphasized the importance of integrating science, technology, and community engagement in tackling climate challenges.

By equipping local decision-makers with innovative climate tools such as Maprooms interactive online platforms offering real-time data, historical trends, and future forecasts the project aims to strengthen community preparedness, disaster risk reduction, and agricultural planning.  The Kenya Meteorological Department, represented by its Deputy director Kennedy Thiong’o and members of the Met society, reaffirmed its commitment to ensuring that climate information is timely, accurate, and actionable:

By rolling out Maproom training in Tana River, the project aims to empower communities with the skills to anticipate climate risks, plan for agriculture and water management, and prepare for disasters before they strike.  The training workshop brought together PWDs, women, youth, and elders from across the county. For many participants, this was the first time they had direct access to interactive climate data tools and could engage experts on how to use them for local decision-making.

As key implementers on ground, the Kenya Red Cross Society-WISER, the  Kenya program coordinator represented by Mr. Zachary Misiani, underscored the importance of community-driven adaptation measures:

With its three-year extension, the WISER Kenya Project will expand Maproom training workshops beyond Tana River into other climate-vulnerable counties across Kenya. These efforts will link local climate adaptation with national development priorities and continental goals under Agenda 2063 and the African Union Climate Change and Resilient Development Strategy.

Dr. Omondi believes this reflection process is critical:

“This project embodies the spirit of Africa, the Continent of Hope and the Africa we want, AGENDA 2063,” he said. “It shows that with the right tools, knowledge, and inclusive approaches, communities can transform climate challenges into opportunities for sustainable development.” The African Union’s Agenda 2063 envisions “an Africa whose development is people-driven, relying on the potential of women and youth, and caring for children.” By including marginalized voices, WISER Kenya is directly advancing Aspiration 1 (inclusive growth and sustainable development) and Aspiration 7 (environmentally sustainable and climate-resilient Africa). As the WISER Kenya Project enters its next phase, the focus on science, technology, and inclusion sends a powerful message: Africa can overcome climate challenges through innovation, collaboration, and people-centered approaches.

County officials noted that integrating Maprooms into county development plans would enhance disaster preparedness, agricultural planning, and water resource management, key priorities under Kenya Vision 2030 as well. This participatory approach ensured that the workshop was not just about technology transfer but also about co-creating solutions that reflect community priorities and local realities. By strengthening climate services, the project supports Aspirations 1 and 7 of Agenda 2063:

• A prosperous Africa based on inclusive growth and sustainable development.
• An environmentally sustainable and climate-resilient Africa.

By bringing all groups including women, youth, farmers, and herders together, this initiative helps reduce resource conflicts and promotes peaceful co-existence in a changing climate. With ICPAC, the Kenya Meteorological Society, the Kenya Red Cross, and local leaders working hand in hand, the Africa We Want by 2063; climate-smart, inclusive, and hopeful comes into sharper focus.

More from the trainings

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Addis Ababa, March 5, 2025 – In a landmark gathering, faith-based, ethical, and interfaith organisations from across Africa and the diaspora convened in Addis Ababa on February 27-28, 2025, to address the urgent need for reparative justice. The event, themed “The Role of Faith Communities and Ethical Organizations in Advancing Justice for Africans and People of African Descent through Reparations,” was hosted at the Kuriftu Resort African Village and the African Union Commission (AUC), bringing together approximately 100 participants, including high-level officials, religious leaders, scholars, and human rights advocates.

The workshop was organised by SECAM (Symposium of Episcopal Conferences of Africa and Madagascar), the African Union Catholic Chaplaincy, HWPL (Heavenly Culture, World Peace, Restoration of Light), COPAB (Pan African Conference on Ethics and Bioethics), IAPD-Africa (Interreligious Association for Peace and Development), URI (United Religions Initiative), and other key partners. The event reinforced the African Union’s 2025 theme dedicated to reparations for Africans and people of African descent, highlighting the moral and legal imperatives of justice.

High-Level Addresses and Key Speakers

The workshop featured a distinguished lineup of speakers, both in-person and online, ensuring broad participation in this historic dialogue.

Dr. Monique Nsanzabaganwa, Deputy Chairperson of the African Union Commission, delivered the welcome address, reaffirming the AU’s commitment to justice for Africans and people of African descent. Dr. Rita Bissoonauth, Director of the UNESCO Liaison Office to the African Union and Economic Commission for Africa (ECA), set the tone with a keynote address that underscored the historical and moral imperative of reparations. Dr. Robert Afriye, the Ambassador of Ghana, emphasised his country’s leadership in the global reparations movement, while Ms. Angela Naa Afoley Odai, Head of the Diaspora Division at the AU’s Citizens and Diaspora Directorate (CIDO), outlined the AU’s 2025 theme and its role in advancing the reparations agenda.

Fr. Dr. Louison Emerick Bissila Mbila, AU Catholic Chaplain, delivered opening remarks, stressing the moral responsibility of faith communities in championing justice. Ambassador Mussie Hailu, Global Envoy of the United Religions Initiative (URI), called for a unified interfaith approach to restorative justice based on the Golden Rule: “Treat others the way you want to be treated.” Imboni uZwi-Lezwe Dr. Radebe, representing IAPD-Africa, offered a perspective on reparative justice from African Indigenous Spirituality. Dr. Aharon Mor presented a Jewish viewpoint on reparations, while His Eminence Cardinal Berhaneyesus D. Souraphiel, representing  SECAM’s President, Cardinal Fridolin Ambongo, reflected on the theme in the context of the Jubilee Year 2025. Dr. Hassan Kinyua Omari, from the Muslim Professionals League Africa, shared an Islamic perspective on the quest for justice.

The workshop also featured online and in-person presentations by experts in economic and environmental justice. Ms. Kyung Hee Kim of HWPL explored reparations from an Asian perspective. From the United States, Dr. Glenda Phillips Lee, speaking via Zoom on behalf of IGHC/AACLA, discussed economic reparations through housing and land grants. Mr. Ambrose King of the Ethiopian World Federation examined repatriation from the diaspora as a key aspect of restorative justice. Bishop Dennis Nthumbi, representing the African American Clergy Leaders Association, addressed the subject of reparative justice for Christians in Africa.

The psychological and ecological dimensions of reparations were also examined. Drawing on the Rwandan experience of the genocide against the Tutsi, Dr. Théogène Bangwanubusa delivered a thought-provoking presentation on genocide and transgenerational trauma. Mr. Moses Chasieh of the American Friends Service Committee introduced the Salama Hub Program, which aims to support justice initiatives. Ms. Ashley Kitisya of the Laudato Si’ Movement highlighted ecological debt, arguing that environmental destruction caused by colonial exploitation should be considered an integral part of the reparations discourse.

Panel Discussions and Key Outcomes

Panel discussions provided a dynamic platform for participants to engage in in-depth exchanges on key aspects of reparations, including economic redress, historical accountability, and faith-based approaches to justice. These discussions allowed speakers and attendees—both in person and online—to contribute diverse perspectives on the need for reparative justice. The hybrid format of the event enabled remote participants to actively engage in discussions through virtual presentations and interactive Q&A sessions, enriching the dialogue with global perspectives.

A key outcome of the workshop was the presentation and signing of the Addis Ababa Declaration on Reparations, which affirms the legal and moral imperative of reparations and calls for concrete actions, including:

• The establishment of an AU Committee of Experts on Reparations to develop an African-led framework for restorative justice.
• The appointment of an AU Special Envoy on Reparations to advocate for African and diaspora reparations at a global level.
• The recognition of ecological debt as part of the reparations discourse, acknowledging the environmental damage caused by colonial-era exploitation.
• A proposal for the African Union to consider declaring a Decade of Reparations to sustain momentum on this cause.

The declaration emphasises the role of faith communities in promoting peace, reconciliation, and reparative justice, aligning with Africa’s Agenda 2063 for a prosperous and united continent.

Towards Implementation and Global Action

As the conference concluded, speakers emphasised that the adoption of the Addis Ababa Declaration on Reparations is only the beginning. The organising bodies committed to continued engagement with the African Union, UNESCO, the Government of Ghana, Regional Economic Communities (RECs), policymakers, global institutions, and grassroots movements to translate resolutions into action. Participants were urged to remain steadfast in their advocacy and to collaborate in ensuring that justice for Africans and people of African descent becomes a global priority.

The workshop underscored that reparations are not just about financial compensation but about acknowledging historical truths, fostering reconciliation, and creating pathways for economic and social empowerment. As faith and ethical communities take the lead, the world watches to see whether these calls for justice will be met with meaningful action.

Fr. Louison Emerick Bissila Mbila is a Catholic priest of the Congregation of the Holy Spirit, a citizen of the Republic of Congo and the Republic of Seychelles, and chaplain to the African Union Commission in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. He holds a doctorate in theology and a degree in biblical philology from the Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium. Ordained in 2003, he has been the Executive Secretary of the Spiritan Conference of Circumscriptions of Africa and the Islands (SCCAI) since 2017. Email: catholic.africanunion@gmail.com.

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Africa is blessed with abundant natural resources, fertile lands, and a predominantly agrarian population. However, the pressure on these resources has reached critical levels. Agricultural land is degrading rapidly due to unsustainable practices, deforestation, and desertification. Water resources are being strained by climate variability, pollution, and over-extraction. Additionally, biodiversity loss is threatening the resilience of ecosystems that support food production. The consequences are severe. Millions of farmers are struggling to sustain their livelihoods as soil fertility declines, water becomes scarce, and crop yields dwindle. Compounding these issues are rising food demands due to rapid population growth and urbanization, making food security an ever-greater challenge.

The Kampala CAADP Declaration outlines a bold, comprehensive approach to reversing these trends and creating sustainable agrifood systems that can meet Africa’s growing needs while protecting its natural resources. The declaration sets ambitious targets to be achieved by 2035, including:

-Boosting Agricultural Productivity: Increasing agrifood output by 45% through sustainable intensification and modernization of agricultural practices.

-Reducing Post-Harvest Losses: Halving food losses by improving storage, transportation, and processing infrastructure.

-Sustainable Land Management: Ensuring 30% of agricultural land is managed sustainably to combat soil degradation and desertification.

-Achieving Zero Hunger: Eliminating hunger and reducing malnutrition rates by 25%.

-Mobilizing Investments: Securing $100 billion in public and private sector investments to modernize and innovate in the agricultural sector.

The transformation envisioned by the Kampala Declaration places a strong emphasis on inclusivity. Women, youth, and vulnerable populations are prioritized for participation in agricultural value chains and decision-making processes. The AU aims to ensure that 30% of agricultural roles and leadership positions are occupied by women and youth, fostering equitable development.

Moreover, the strategy includes measures to shield 40% of rural households from environmental and economic shocks. This will be achieved through the introduction of climate-resilient farming practices, improved safety nets, and the diversification of income sources for smallholder farmers.

The successful implementation of the Kampala Declaration will hinge on a coordinated approach across several key areas:

– Governance and Policy Reform: Strengthening governance frameworks for agrifood systems to improve resource management, transparency, and accountability. This includes harmonizing policies across member states to foster collaboration and knowledge-sharing.

-Climate Adaptation and Resilience: Promoting the adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices to reduce vulnerability to climate shocks. This includes the development of drought-resistant crop varieties, improved irrigation systems, and agroforestry initiatives.

-Technological Innovation: Harnessing digital and technological innovations to enhance productivity and sustainability. Precision farming technologies, mobile-based extension services, and data analytics are among the tools that will play a crucial role in this transformation.

-Intra-Continental Trade: Strengthening regional trade through the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) to improve market access for farmers and reduce dependency on food imports. The declaration aims to triple intra-continental agrifood trade by 2035.

-Investment in Infrastructure: Building and upgrading infrastructure for storage, processing, and transportation to reduce post-harvest losses and ensure efficient supply chains.

The success of this ambitious strategy will require the collective efforts of various stakeholders, including governments, private sector players, civil society, regional institutions, and development partners. The AU has emphasized the need for partnerships to drive innovation, mobilize resources, and build capacity across the continent.

Several African countries have already made strides in transforming their agrifood systems, offering valuable lessons for the continent as a whole. For instance, Ethiopia’s climate-resilient agriculture initiatives have significantly improved food security in vulnerable regions. Kenya’s digital farming platforms have empowered smallholder farmers with real-time data and market access, boosting productivity and incomes. Similarly, Nigeria’s focus on agribusiness development has spurred job creation and economic growth. These success stories highlight the importance of innovation, collaboration, and strong policy frameworks in driving agricultural transformation. The Kampala Declaration builds on these successes while scaling up efforts to achieve continental food security.

Despite the optimism surrounding the Kampala Declaration, significant challenges remain. Financing the ambitious strategy will be a monumental task, requiring sustained political will and robust investment from both the public and private sectors. Additionally, addressing land tenure issues, combating corruption, and fostering regional cooperation will be critical to success. Another major challenge is building the capacity of smallholder farmers to adopt new technologies and practices. Education and training programs will be essential to empower farmers to embrace innovative solutions and adapt to changing climatic conditions.

The AU’s commitment to transforming agrifood systems represents a crucial step toward ensuring food security, economic growth, and environmental sustainability in Africa. The Kampala Declaration is not just a policy document; it is a call to action for governments, farmers, investors, and communities to work together for a shared future of prosperity and resilience. By addressing the root causes of resource depletion and food insecurity, Africa can build a sustainable agrifood system that not only meets the needs of its growing population but also protects the environment and empowers communities. The journey ahead will be challenging, but with unity, innovation, and determination, Africa can overcome these obstacles and become a global leader in sustainable agriculture.

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African Union Elections: Democracy or Capitalist Calculations?

The African Union (AU) elections in February 2025 will shape the trajectory of the continent’s development agenda for the coming years. Yet, the growing entanglement of corporate interests in African politics raises concerns about the authenticity of these elections. Multinational corporations, lured by Africa’s vast natural resources and youthful workforce, often fund candidates who align with neoliberal policies.

The AU’s Agenda 2063 emphasizes self-reliance, industrialization, and sustainable growth. However, the election campaigns increasingly highlight policies favoring foreign direct investment (FDI) without addressing the exploitative practices underpinning such capital inflows. Leaders promising tax breaks and relaxed labor laws for investors often overshadow those advocating for equitable wealth redistribution or regional autonomy in trade.

As voting day approaches, the question remains: will Africa’s democratic processes reflect the will of its people or the interests of a capitalist elite seeking to exploit its resources under the guise of development?

COP30: Climate Justice vs. Green Capitalism

Set to take place in Belém, Brazil, COP30 arrives at a time of escalating climate crises. African nations, among the most vulnerable to climate change, have demanded robust funding for adaptation and loss-and-damage mechanisms. Yet, the promises of developed nations, deeply rooted in capitalist frameworks, often manifest as loans rather than grants, perpetuating debt cycles for the Global South.

Green capitalism has become a dominant narrative in climate negotiations, with corporations promoting “sustainable” solutions like carbon markets and renewable energy investments. While these initiatives appear progressive, they often exclude the voices of indigenous and local communities, particularly in Africa. Mega solar farms and carbon offset schemes frequently displace people, destroy ecosystems, and fail to address the systemic exploitation driving the climate crisis.

As COP30 discussions unfold, the tension between grassroots climate justice movements and corporate-led green capitalism will undoubtedly shape the outcomes. The summit’s success will hinge on whether negotiators prioritize profit or the planet.

UNGA 2025: Development Goals in a Capitalist Stranglehold

The UN General Assembly’s focus this year will likely center on accelerating progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as the 2030 deadline looms. Yet, capitalism’s pervasive influence has consistently undermined these objectives, particularly in the Global South.

The privatization of essential services—such as education, healthcare, and water supply—has widened inequality, with corporations profiting while marginalized communities bear the brunt of inadequate access. African nations have been vocal about the need for systemic reforms in global financial institutions like the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, which often impose austerity measures that cripple public sector investments.

At UNGA 2025, African leaders are expected to demand debt relief and fairer trade terms, but whether these calls will translate into actionable resolutions or be drowned out by capitalist agendas remains uncertain.

Across these critical events, capitalism’s influence is a common denominator. Its logic prioritizes profit over people, undermines democratic processes, and perpetuates inequality. For Africa and the broader Global South, 2025 represents a pivotal moment to challenge this paradigm.

However, dismantling capitalism’s grip requires bold leadership, grassroots mobilization, and global solidarity. The continent must advocate for systemic change, from demanding equitable climate finance at COP30 to ensuring that AU elections reflect the will of the people rather than corporate interests.

As the world watches these events unfold, the true challenge lies in reclaiming agency from a capitalist system that has long dictated the terms of global governance and development. Whether 2025 marks a turning point or a continuation of the status quo remains to be seen.

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Africa’s role in global climate negotiations remains paradoxical: the continent’s voice is often marginalized, yet it possesses immense potential to lead in producing and manufacturing its own resources while tackling the adverse effects of climate change. Africa’s participation in forums like COP29 underscores an ongoing fight for equitable representation and recognition in shaping the global climate agenda.

It is time to challenge the outdated narrative of Africa as a continent of poverty and hunger; a stereotype that has long undermined its position in world-leading negotiations. Africa is rich in natural resources, innovation, and human capital, with the capability to offer solutions to the global climate crisis. Its renewable energy potential, from solar to wind, positions the continent as a critical player in the global transition to green economies.

By amplifying its voice and leveraging its resources strategically, Africa can redefine its role in climate talks, not as a victim, but as a leader advocating for justice, equity, and sustainable development. The global stage must recognize this transformation and engage Africa as a key partner in building a resilient and climate-smart future for all. Despite being among the least contributors to global greenhouse gas emissions, African nations bear the brunt of climate change effects, such as droughts, floods, and desertification. Countries like DRC and Mozambique, for example, grapple with these climate-induced challenges while receiving limited compensation or support for adaptation and mitigation efforts.

In this case, Aliyev’s framing of fossil fuels as divine gifts mirrors narratives in some African nations, where oil and gas are seen as drivers of development. However, this perspective contrasts sharply with the lived reality of communities displaced by oil exploration or suffering from environmental degradation, think about the EACOP project that has already displaced hundreds of people. The challenge lies in balancing resource utilization with sustainable development, a tension mirrored in African nations like Nigeria, where oil wealth has not translated into broad-based economic stability or climate resilience.

The geopolitical tensions at COP29 serves as a lesson for Africa. Aliyev’s accusations against France and the Netherlands, reflect the fraught nature of global climate negotiations. These divisions could undermine collective progress, something Africa cannot allow. As the world’s most climate-vulnerable region, African nations require a cohesive global framework that prioritizes their needs for financing, technology transfer, and capacity building.

Moreover, the withdrawal of Argentina’s delegation amidst domestic political shifts is a cautionary tale. Africa, too, faces internal political dynamics that can disrupt climate agendas. For example, countries like South Africa, which depend heavily on coal, have struggled to align domestic interests with international commitments. African nations must ensure that their climate strategies are resilient to political changes while maintaining their commitment to global goals like the Paris Agreement.

COP29 marks the third consecutive year the summit has been held in a petrostate, following the UAE and Egypt. This choice has drawn criticism for conflicting interests, as these nations’ economies heavily depend on fossil fuels. For African states, this raises important questions: How can resource-rich countries like Nigeria, Angola, or Algeria transition to green economies without compromising their economic stability?

The answer lies in leveraging international climate financing to diversify economies. Africa’s vast renewable energy potential; such as solar and wind can become a cornerstone of its development strategy. However, the continent requires genuine partnerships and investments from global powers to make this transition feasible. Achieving this potential requires substantial climate finance to support adaptation, mitigation, and a just energy transition. Africa continues to receive only a fraction of the global climate finance pledged, despite bearing the brunt of climate impacts. The continent must demand fair access to these funds and ensure that they are channeled effectively to build resilience, develop green infrastructure, and empower local communities

President Aliyev’s comments criticizing Western nations for “hypocrisy” resonate with African leaders who often argue that historical emitters in the Global North should bear greater responsibility for climate action. African nations have long called for loss and damage funding, emphasizing that justice requires addressing the disproportionate burdens placed on the Global South. Yet, African leaders must also hold themselves accountable by ensuring transparency and equitable distribution of climate funds. Corruption, poor governance, and lack of political will remain significant barriers to effective climate action within the continent. If we need change, we must steer clear of the notion that “Africa is poor”, Africa holds solutions to global problems.

The COP29 chaos depicts the urgent need for Africa to present a united front. The African Group of Negotiators (AGN) must push for the implementation of mechanisms that address the continent’s specific challenges, including adaptation, renewable energy investments, and just transition frameworks. Africa’s perspective offers a moral imperative: as the world debates the future of oil and gas, the voices of the most vulnerable must take center stage. Climate action must not only mitigate risks but also uplift communities, ensuring that no one is left behind in the pursuit of a sustainable future.

Ultimately, Africa’s message to COP29 and beyond is clear: In the spirit of “UBUNTU” , solidarity and justice must be the pillars of global climate negotiations, or the world risks deepening the divide between rhetoric and reality.

The post OIL, GAS, AND CLIMATE FINANCE: THE AFRICAN PERSPECTIVE ON COP29 AND BEYOND appeared first on AU CHAPLAINCY.

The IPC FRC also highlighted the risk of famine spreading to 13 other regions within North Darfur State and neighboring areas, emphasizing the need for immediate assessments of IDP camps such as Abu Shouk and Al Salam. With the country facing unprecedented food insecurity, more than half of Sudan’s population—25.6 million people—are in acute hunger, including over 8.5 million at emergency levels (IPC 4). Most alarmingly, over 755,000 people, particularly in Darfur and Kordofan, are already experiencing famine-like conditions. Clementine Nkweta-Salami, the Humanitarian Coordinator in Sudan, emphasized the dire need for international intervention: “We need the guns to be silenced to enable humanitarians to reach the people in need. We need an urgent injection of funding for the aid operation as well as safe and unimpeded humanitarian access, including across borders and battle lines.” Without an immediate ceasefire, humanitarians cannot operate effectively. Funding, access, and political coordination are critical for scaling up the response to alleviate famine conditions. This requires unfettered humanitarian access across conflict zones and border areas, a call echoed by relief agencies on the ground.

Adding to the growing crisis, heavy rains since June have triggered massive flooding in 13 out of Sudan’s 18 states, displacing over 124,600 people and affecting more than 442,600 residents across the country. The floods have particularly impacted Zamzam and Abu Shouk camps, destroying infrastructure and further complicating the humanitarian situation. In Zamzam alone, nearly 900 tents were washed away, leaving vulnerable families homeless. Flooding has caused significant delays in humanitarian aid deliveries, particularly in Darfur, Kordofan, and Khartoum, where road access is severely hindered by both conflict and weather conditions. Northern and River Nile states have reported increased risks of scorpion and snake infestations, while standing water exacerbates the threat of disease outbreaks. While the rains have bolstered crop farming, they have also devastated essential infrastructure, hampering both food production and relief efforts.

As if the famine and floods were not enough, Sudan is also grappling with a cholera outbreak. Officially declared by the Federal Ministry of Health (FMoH) on August 12, 2024, this outbreak has claimed 112 lives with over 2,800 cases reported in Kassala, Gedaref, and River Nile states, among others. A cholera vaccination campaign, supported by the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF, has reached more than 51,000 people, with further vaccines on the way to cover vulnerable populations.

This effort, though successful, is only a small part of a larger battle against the cholera epidemic spreading across the country. WHO is coordinating with the International Coordinating Group (ICG) to deploy more vaccines and set up cholera treatment units (CTUs) and Oral Rehydration Points (ORPs) to treat affected individuals. Yet, widespread flooding and a lack of infrastructure continue to hinder the full-scale deployment of these critical medical resources.

The conflict in Sudan has displaced millions of people, both internally and across neighboring borders. As of mid-August 2024, more than 73,000 people were displaced within Sudan, while over 3,600 fled to surrounding countries. This brings the total number of displaced people since April 2023 to 10.3 million, marking Sudan as the largest displacement crisis in the world. The capital, Khartoum, has seen the highest displacement figures, followed by South and North Darfur.

Compounding the crisis, aid workers themselves have become displaced. Many Sudanese humanitarian workers have fled to Chad, Egypt, Kenya, and other neighboring regions, further weakening the country’s response capacity. This internal displacement crisis is hindering the deployment of essential resources, worsening the plight of those trapped in conflict zones. Despite access restrictions and severe funding shortfalls, humanitarian organizations have been implementing the Famine Prevention Plan (FPP), launched in April 2024. This ambitious plan targets 7.6 million people in acute need, prioritizing regions at risk of famine. By July 2024, at least 5.6 million people had received some form of humanitarian aid, including food, safe water, sanitation, and medical care.

Efforts to coordinate this multi-cluster response have been bolstered by the creation of the Sudan Operations Coordination Center (SOCC) in Port Sudan, with further hubs planned in conflict-affected areas. However, the ongoing violence continues to obstruct aid efforts, making the delivery of life-saving assistance increasingly difficult. In a critical development, the reopening of the Adre border crossing between Chad and Sudan’s Darfur region has provided a much-needed humanitarian corridor. Since its reopening on August 16, 59 aid trucks have crossed into Darfur, carrying essential supplies for nearly 195,000 people. This route, closed since February 2024, is vital for delivering food, medicine, and shelter to conflict-affected populations.

UN Deputy Secretary-General Amina Mohammed visited Port Sudan in late August to assess the humanitarian situation and emphasize the importance of sustained aid deliveries through the Adre crossing. Her visit marked a crucial moment in the international community’s efforts to address Sudan’s multifaceted crisis.

Even with these successes, humanitarian operations are still being delayed. In mid-August, the World Food Programme (WFP) reported that over 50 trucks carrying food and nutrition supplies had been stranded across Sudan due to flooding and poor road conditions. These supplies, enough to feed half a million people for three months, are urgently needed, but the obstacles posed by both natural and man-made factors are proving formidable.

As famine conditions worsen and the humanitarian crisis deepens, Sudan stands on the brink of a catastrophe unseen in recent years. A coordinated global response, anchored in immediate funding, unrestricted access, and peace negotiations, is essential to avert further loss of life. The international community must rally to ensure that Sudan’s vulnerable populations receive the urgent relief they desperately need. With famine, floods, cholera, and displacement tearing the nation apart, only a robust and unified intervention can restore hope to millions.

The post FAMINE IN SUDAN: URGENT RESOURCES AND UNRESTRICTED ACCESS NEEDED TO SCALE UP RESPONSE appeared first on AU CHAPLAINCY.

Maasai community members have accused park rangers and security forces of human rights abuses, including killings, sexual assaults, and the seizure of livestock. While they have sought justice through Tanzanian courts, unfavorable rulings have pushed Oleshangay and others to international advocacy. They’ve appealed to funders like the European Union (EU), asking them to reconsider financial support for conservation projects that fuel evictions. In June 2023, the EU withdrew an 18-million-euro conservation grant that had been earmarked for Tanzania and Kenya. An EU spokesperson explained that the decision was made to ensure human rights protections amid rising tensions between the government and the Maasai. The loss of funds is a direct result of the ongoing conflict between the Tanzanian government and the Indigenous Maasai, as the government continues to prioritize tourism development over the preservation of Maasai communities.

Oleshangay, who works with Tanzania’s Legal and Human Rights Centre, explains the Maasai’s dilemma: “We don’t have a problem with conservation, but when you give the government more money, you are financing the displacement of all these people. It has nothing to do with nature, it is all business.” His father, like many Maasai, is facing permanent displacement from areas around the Serengeti to distant, unfamiliar lands.

A History of Displacement

This struggle is part of a long history of Maasai displacement, dating back to colonial times. The Maasai once roamed vast areas of the East African Rift, but colonial powers pushed them off their lands to create the Serengeti National Park, a practice known as fortress conservation. Maasai were forced to relocate to the Ngorongoro Conservation Area and Loliondo, where they were promised they would never be displaced again. Now, that promise has been broken, as the government attempts to remove Maasai from these areas once more. Government officials argue that the Maasai population has grown too large and that their cattle are encroaching on wildlife territory. But Maasai leaders see these actions as part of a broader pattern of abuse, and they have no faith in the government’s willingness to listen to their concerns.

“We lost the Serengeti,” Oleshangay reflects. “My father still remembers what happened like it was yesterday, and I don’t want me or my children to experience the same thing.”

Cultural Survival at Stake

While some Maasai have reluctantly accepted relocation, others, like Oleshangay, are adamant about staying. For them, it’s not just about land—it’s about preserving their culture, traditions, and spiritual connection to their ancestral lands, including the sacred Ol Doinyo Lengai, or “Mountain of God.” “We are not saying everyone wants to stay,” Oleshangay clarifies. “Who we are defending are those who don’t want to go. It’s not just the land, it’s the culture, it’s the religion, it’s everything that makes a society what it is. You ask me to leave, but you are giving me a piece of land that has no value to me.”

As the Maasai fight to preserve their way of life, they face a well-funded and determined government eager to expand the lucrative tourism industry. The international community, from human rights groups to funders like the World Bank, will need to decide whether they will stand by as Tanzania continues to displace its Indigenous people under the guise of wildlife conservation. For now, the Maasai remain resilient, fighting for their land, their culture, and their survival.

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